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SS-31 (Elamipretide)

Research profile · How we handle evidence

SS-31 (elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeting peptide studied for situations where mitochondrial function is impaired, including heart-failure contexts. It’s investigational outside clinical protocols.

Evidence Score

79/100

High confidence

Category

Longevity

Therapeutic area

Standard Dose

10-50mg

Once daily

Half-life

~1 hr

Plasma elimination

Route

SC

Subcutaneous

Safety Tier

1

Well characterized

Overview

SS-31 is designed to bind to mitochondrial cardiolipin. The working idea is to stabilize mitochondrial structure and reduce stress-related signaling, so cells may handle energy pathways more effectively. Evidence is still being evaluated in human studies.

Mechanism of Action

SS-31 is designed to bind to mitochondrial cardiolipin. The working idea is to stabilize mitochondrial structure and reduce stress-related signaling, so cells may handle energy pathways more effectively. Evidence is still being evaluated in human studies.

Targets Cardiolipin In The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane To Prevent Oxidative DamageStabilizes Electron Transport Chain Complexes For Improved ATP ProductionReduces Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Generation At Complex I And IIIPreserves Mitochondrial Cristae Structure During Metabolic Stress

pH & Mixing

4.7-6.1

Peptides reconstituted at very different pH levels can destabilize when combined in the same syringe, which lowers how much of the peptide your body actually absorbs. If you're unsure whether two peptides are close enough in pH, reconstitute and inject them separately.

A dedicated compatibility check between two specific peptides is coming to the Compare tool. This section covers this peptide's pH only.

Benefits

  • May improve mitochondrial performance under stress
  • May reduce oxidative stress burden
  • May support better cellular energy availability
  • Studied for potential cardiovascular benefits
  • Often discussed in longevity-focused protocols (investigational)

Side Effects

  • Injection-site reactions can occur
  • Other effects are not well characterized outside clinical settings
  • Long-term safety and dosing for non-trial use haven’t been established

Contraindications

  • Pregnant or breastfeeding women
  • Individuals under 18 years old
  • Those with known allergies to peptide components
  • Use should be supervised in clinical contexts due to investigational status

Structure & Sequence

View 3D structure

Verified structure

SS-31 (Elamipretide)

Sequence illustration backed by PubChem match.

Verified via PubChemMatched by name stripped
C32H49N9O5639.8 DaCAS 736992-21-36 residues
Source: PubChemLookup: SS-31InChIKey SFVLTCAESLKEHH-WKAQUBQDSA-N
Amino Acid Sequence
D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2 (elamipretide, Dmt=2,6-dimethyltyrosine)
Molecular Weight
639.8 Da
Chemical Formula
C32H49N9O5
CAS Number
736992-21-3
Reconstituted pH
4.7-6.1
InChIKey
SFVLTCAESLKEHH-WKAQUBQDSA-N

Stack & Route Context

Stacks with

  • MOTS-c
  • Epitalon

Administration

Subcutaneous

Research Status

Clinical research focuses on mitochondrial dysfunction in heart-failure and related settings. The evidence is still evolving; SS-31 remains investigational.

Approval Status

Phase3

Sports Legal

Permitted

References

  1. 1

    Elamipretide (SS-31) for mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure

    2023

    View source
  2. 2

    SS-31 (elamipretide) protects against exercise-induced mitochondrial damage

    2022

    View source

This profile summarizes research literature for education only. It is not medical advice, and it does not diagnose, treat, or recommend a dose. Consult a qualified professional before changing a protocol.

Research-driven insights.Evidence-based decisions.