LL-37
Research profile · How we handle evidence
An antimicrobial peptide made by human cells. LL-37 can help limit growth of microbes and also influence local immune and healing responses.
Evidence Score
Preclinical signal
Category
Therapeutic area
Standard Dose
2-3x weekly
Half-life
Plasma elimination
Route
Subcutaneous
Safety Tier
Limited data
Overview
LL-37 (also known as hCAP18) is a human antimicrobial peptide involved in innate immunity. It can directly harm a range of microbes and also supports wound-related processes. One reason it gets attention in research is its interaction with biofilms, which are structured communities where bacteria can become harder to eradicate. In addition to direct antimicrobial activity, LL-37 can affect immune signaling and inflammation, which is why the same molecule can have different effects depending on the tissue and the immune environment. Many claims about "treating" infections are still research-stage, so the realistic takeaway is: LL-37 is a well-studied component of skin and mucosal defense, and some of its fragments are being explored for targeted anti-biofilm applications.
Mechanism of Action
LL-37 (also known as hCAP18) is a human antimicrobial peptide involved in innate immunity. It can directly harm a range of microbes and also supports wound-related processes. One reason it gets attention in research is its interaction with biofilms, which are structured communities where bacteria can become harder to eradicate. In addition to direct antimicrobial activity, LL-37 can affect immune signaling and inflammation, which is why the same molecule can have different effects depending on the tissue and the immune environment. Many claims about "treating" infections are still research-stage, so the realistic takeaway is: LL-37 is a well-studied component of skin and mucosal defense, and some of its fragments are being explored for targeted anti-biofilm applications.
pH & Mixing
Peptides reconstituted at very different pH levels can destabilize when combined in the same syringe, which lowers how much of the peptide your body actually absorbs. If you're unsure whether two peptides are close enough in pH, reconstitute and inject them separately.
A dedicated compatibility check between two specific peptides is coming to the Compare tool. This section covers this peptide's pH only.
Benefits
- Kills bacteria, viruses, and fungi
- Speeds up wound healing
- Modulates immune response
- Breaks down biofilms
- Natural antimicrobial
Side Effects
- Injection site reactions
- Possible inflammatory response
Contraindications
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women
- Individuals under 18 years old
- Those with known allergies to peptide components
Structure & Sequence
Verified structure
LL-37
Sequence illustration backed by PubChem match.
- Amino Acid Sequence
- LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES
- Molecular Weight
- 4,493 Da
- Chemical Formula
- C205H340N60O53
- CAS Number
- N/A
- Reconstituted pH
- 11.3
- InChIKey
- POIUWJQBRNEFGX-XAMSXPGMSA-N
Stack & Route Context
Stacks with
- BPC-157
- Thymosin Alpha-1
Administration
Subcutaneous
Research Status
Research peptide. Being studied for infections.
Approval Status
Preclinical
Sports Legal
Permitted
References
No references listed.
This profile summarizes research literature for education only. It is not medical advice, and it does not diagnose, treat, or recommend a dose. Consult a qualified professional before changing a protocol.